Using Experience Sampling to Reveal Real-World Decision Dynamics in Vaccine Conversations

Our Challenge: Traditional research methods rely heavily on retrospective recall, static surveys, or hypothetical scenarios, limiting insight into how providers actually experience vaccine conversations in practice. These approaches struggle to capture day-to-day variation, contextual triggers, and the cognitive and emotional factors shaping real clinical decisions. 

Our Unique Approach: We designed and conducted an internal experience sampling pilot to capture providers' thoughts, behaviors, and reflections close to when vaccine conversations occurred. Providers completed brief, once-daily surveys over five business days, reporting on whether conversations happened, how they unfolded, and what could be improved. After the sampling period, we conducted follow-up qualitative interviews to contextualize patterns observed in the daily data and deepen understanding of providers' experiences, needs, and decision logic. 

Successful Outcomes: The pilot demonstrated that experience sampling is feasible and well accepted in healthcare settings, with providers finding the surveys simple, quick, and easy to integrate into daily workflows. The data revealed meaningful day-to-day variation in conversations, prompted real-time reflection among providers, and surfaced concrete needs for practical tools and guidance. Together, these insights showed how experience sampling can both measure and shape behavior, offering a powerful foundation for informing communication strategy, training, and intervention design.